Like Bash and csh, ksh is also a shell available in almost all Linux/Unix variants. Ksh is KornShell. Like Bash, the most commonly used shell, ksh is also used to enter and execute commands
To install ksh in Ubuntu
$ sudo apt-get install ksh
To start working with ksh
$ ksh $
Enter the commands at the ksh prompt
You may have worked with the Terminal a number of times and if you are a command line enthusiast, you may have definitely heard about bash. bash is a command language interpreter. It is an acronym for Bourne again Shell. Like bash, there are plenty of other shells, one of which is csh. It’s a shell with C-like syntax
To install csh in Ubuntu
$ sudo apt-get install csh
To work with csh, go to the command line and enter csh
$ csh %
Now enter any commands of your choice
In Ubuntu, you can easily remove a package using apt-get
Take for example, you want to remove the vim editor package
$ sudo apt-get remove vim
You can check the shell script to remove all the packages mentioned in a file
Check this simple shell script which reads all the packages mentioned in a file and removes them one by one.
#! /bin/sh
if [ $# -ne 1 ]
then echo "Usage: read.sh filename";
exit 1;
fi
if [ ! -f $1 ]
then echo "File $1 doesn't exist";
exit 1;
fi
while read line
do
pkg=`echo $line| awk '{print $1}'`
echo $pkg
yes|sudo apt-get remove $pkg
done < $1
To use this script, mention the packages to be removed in a file. Take for example, pkgs.txt contains the files to be removed
$ cat pkgs.txt vim emacs
To execute the above script,
$ ./remove.sh pkgs.txt
It will remove all the packages one by one.
Firebird is a database server and can be considered as an alternative to MySQL. Let’s see the various Firebird packages available in Ubuntu
$ apt-cache search firebird libdbi-perl - Perl Database Interface (DBI) dbi-link - A partial implementation of SQL/MED to PostgreSQL firebird2.1-classic - Firebird Classic Server - an RDBMS based on InterBase 6.0 code firebird2.1-common - common files for firebird 2.1 servers and clients firebird2.1-common-doc - copyright, licensing and changelogs of firebird2.1 firebird2.1-dev - Development files for Firebird - an RDBMS based on InterBase 6.0 code firebird2.1-doc - Documentation files for firebird database version 2.1 firebird2.1-examples - Examples for Firebird - an RDBMS based on InterBase 6.0 code firebird2.1-server-common - common files for firebird 2.1 servers firebird2.1-super - Firebird Super Server - an RDBMS based on InterBase 6.0 code firebird2.5-classic - Firebird Classic Server - an RDBMS based on InterBase 6.0 code firebird2.5-classic-common - common files for firebird 2.5 "classic" and "superclassic" servers firebird2.5-common - common files for firebird 2.5 servers and clients firebird2.5-common-doc - copyright, licnesing and changelogs of firebird2.5 firebird2.5-dev - Development files for Firebird - an RDBMS based on InterBase 6.0 code firebird2.5-doc - Documentation files for firebird database version 2.5 firebird2.5-examples - Examples for Firebird - an RDBMS based on InterBase 6.0 code firebird2.5-server-common - common files for firebird 2.5 servers firebird2.5-super - Firebird Super Server - an RDBMS based on InterBase 6.0 code firebird2.5-superclassic - Firebird SupecClassic Server - an RDBMS based on InterBase 6.0 code flamerobin - graphical database administration tool for Firebird DBMS gambas2-gb-db-firebird - The Firebird driver for the Gambas database component libfbclient2 - Firebird client library libfbembed2.1 - Firebird embedded client/server library libfbembed2.5 - Firebird embedded client/server library libib-util - Firebird UDF support library libmono-firebirdsql1.7-cil - Mono FirebirdSql library
Thus you can see two versions Firebird2.1 and Firebird2.5.
Let’s install the latest version. You can install either Firebird-classic or Firebird super.
$ sudo apt-get install firebird2.5-classic
This will also install firebird2.5-classic-common firebird2.5-server-common packages. After installation, the Firebird server will be started.
Using apt-get, you can easily install any package in debian/ubuntu based system. Suppose you have a list of files mentioned in a file and you want to install all those packages, you can easily do so with the help of the following shell script
#! /bin/sh
if [ $# -ne 1 ]
then echo "Usage: install.sh filename";
exit 1;
fi
if [ ! -f $1 ]
then echo "File $1 doesn't exist";
exit 1;
fi
while read line
do
pkg=`echo $line| awk '{print $1}'`
echo $pkg
yes|sudo apt-get install $pkg
done < $1
Suppose the packages to be installed is mentioned in the file libraries-php.txt
$ cat libraries-php.txt php5-dbg - Debug symbols for PHP5 php5-dev - Files for PHP5 module development php5-gd - GD module for php5 php5-gmp - GMP module for php5 php5-ldap - LDAP module for php5 php5-mysql - MySQL module for php5 php5-odbc - ODBC module for php5 php5-pgsql - PostgreSQL module for php5 php5-pspell - pspell module for php5 php5-recode - recode module for php5
Now let’s execute the above script
./install.sh libraries-php.txt
You will be asked password during the first package installation. Thus with the above script, you can easily specify the packages you want to install and specify the file name as argument
$ ./install.sh filename
Codelite is an IDE for C and C++. It is powerful and lightweight. To install Codelite in Ubuntu
$ sudo apt-get install codelite codelite-plugins
It is a crosss platform IDE, which means it is available in Ubuntu, Windows and Mac OS. Once installed it can be accessed
Applications>Programming>Codelite
OneConf daemon process monitors the new packages installed in your machine. If your account is in sync with Ubuntu one, you can install the same packages in other machines as well
$ ps aux|grep one user 2095 0.2 2.3 43384 11852 ? Sl 15:30 0:18 /usr/bin/python /usr/lib/ubuntuone-client/ubuntuone-syncdaemon user 5613 0.1 2.1 19268 10868 ? S 17:58 0:00 /usr/bin/python /usr/share/oneconf/oneconf-service
You can see the Ubuntu One sync daemon and OneConf processes running.
OneConf helps you to save the state of your computer in the cloud. What does State mean?
By State of a computer, we mean the packages installed in a system. Using dpkg, you can clone your machine. But OneConf provides an easier mechanism.
OneConf can be integrated to your Ubuntu One account. So you can have the same setup in any new machine that you set up
$ sudo apt-get install oneconf
You can configure oneconf with ubuntu one.
Programming in Linux 